How to get in the swing of the circular economy

The circular economy requires consuming less and reusing more, going beyond a product's first lifecycle to create a more sustainable model.

In developing the circular economy, governments, companies and consumers are using innovation and strategic thinking to reclaim products' value beyond a first lifecycle. In this report from the CaixaBank Chair of Sustainability and Social Impact, Joan Fontrodona and Philip Muller provide an introduction to the circular economy's basic concepts.

Here, the 9Rs of the circular economy: refuse, rethink, reduce, reuse, repair, refurbish, remanufacture, repurpose and recycle.